The environment of a genome includes the molecular biology in the cell, other cells, other individuals, populations, species, as well as the abiotic environment. Throughout the lives of the individuals, their genomes interact with their environments to cause variations in traits. This occurs partly because random mutations arise in the genome of an individual organism, and their offspring can inherit such mutations. Variation exists within all populations of organisms. Charles Darwin popularised the term "natural selection", contrasting it with artificial selection, which is intentional, whereas natural selection is not. It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in the heritable traits characteristic of a population over generations. Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype.
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